合成树脂有哪些类型

合成树脂类型

经典品种是环氧树脂，通过聚合加聚或缩聚反应制造，用作粘合剂和复合材料的热固性聚合物。环氧树脂的强度是混凝土的两倍，是无缝防水的。因此，自20世纪60年代以来，环氧树脂和聚氨酯树脂主要用于工业地板，而2000年以来，环氧树脂和聚氨酯树脂也用于室内，主要用于西欧。

用于将显示对象嵌入树脂玻璃/有机玻璃（PMMA）中的合成铸造“树脂”简单地是甲基丙烯酸甲酯液体，其中加入并混合聚合催化剂，使其“固化”（聚合）。 聚合产生一块PMMA塑料（“丙烯酸玻璃”），其将显示物体保持在透明块中。

另一种合成聚合物，有时也被称为同一类，是缩醛树脂。然而，与其他合成物相比，其具有简单的链结构，具有形式−[CH2O]−的重复单元。

离子交换树脂用于水的净化和有机反应的催化。某些离子交换树脂也在药学上用作胆汁酸隔离剂，主要用作降血脂剂，尽管它们可能用于降低胆固醇以外的目的。

溶剂浸渍树脂（SIR）是多孔树脂颗粒，其在多孔基质内含有另外的液体提取剂。 认为所含的萃取剂可提高树脂颗粒的容量。

占所用树脂75%的一大类树脂是不饱和聚酯树脂。

聚氯乙烯的生产需要生产“氯乙烯树脂”，这在聚合程度上是不同的。

Types of synthetic resins

The classic variety is epoxy resin, manufactured through polymerization-polyaddition or polycondensation reactions, used as a thermoset polymer for adhesives and composites. Epoxy resin is two times stronger than concrete, seamless and waterproof.[citation needed] Accordingly, it has been mainly in use for industrial flooring purposes since the 1960s. Since 2000, however, epoxy and polyurethane resins are used in interiors as well, mainly in Western Europe.

Synthetic casting "resin" for embedding display objects in Plexiglas/Lucite (PMMA) is simply methyl methacrylate liquid, into which a polymerization catalyst is added and mixed, causing it to "set" (polymerize). The polymerization creates a block of PMMA plastic ("acrylic glass") which holds the display object in a transparent block.

Another synthetic polymer, sometimes called by the same general category, is acetal resin. By contrast with the other synthetics, however, it has a simple chain structure with the repeat unit of form −[CH2O]−.

Ion exchange resins are used in water purification and catalysis of organic reactions. See also AT-10 resin, melamine resin. Certain ion exchange resins are also used pharmaceutically as bile acid sequestrants, mainly as hypolipidemic agents, although they may be used for purposes other than lowering cholesterol.

Solvent Impregnated Resins (SIRs) are porous resin particles which contain an additional liquid extractant inside the porous matrix. The contained extractant is supposed to enhance the capacity of the resin particles.

A large category of resins, which constitutes 75% of resins used, is that of the unsaturated polyester resins.

The production of PVC entails the production of "vinyl chloride resins", which differ in the degree of polymerization.

文章来源：wikipedia